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Functions
Types and Values
#define | VIPS_D93_X0 |
#define | VIPS_D93_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_D93_Z0 |
#define | VIPS_D75_X0 |
#define | VIPS_D75_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_D75_Z0 |
#define | VIPS_D65_X0 |
#define | VIPS_D65_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_D65_Z0 |
#define | VIPS_D55_X0 |
#define | VIPS_D55_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_D55_Z0 |
#define | VIPS_D50_X0 |
#define | VIPS_D50_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_D50_Z0 |
#define | VIPS_A_X0 |
#define | VIPS_A_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_A_Z0 |
#define | VIPS_B_X0 |
#define | VIPS_B_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_B_Z0 |
#define | VIPS_C_X0 |
#define | VIPS_C_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_C_Z0 |
#define | VIPS_E_X0 |
#define | VIPS_E_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_E_Z0 |
#define | VIPS_D3250_X0 |
#define | VIPS_D3250_Y0 |
#define | VIPS_D3250_Z0 |
enum | VipsIntent |
enum | VipsPCS |
Description
These operators let you transform coordinates and images between colour spaces, calculate colour differences, and move to and from device spaces.
All operations process colour from the first few bands and pass other bands through unaltered. This means you can operate on images with alpha channels safely. If you move to or from 16-bit RGB, any alpha channels are rescaled for you.
Radiance images have four 8-bits bands and store 8 bits of R, G and B and another 8 bits of exponent, common to all channels. They are widely used in the HDR imaging community.
The colour functions can be divided into three main groups. First, functions to transform images between the different colour spaces supported by VIPS: VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_scRGB, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_XYZ, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_YXY, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LCH, and VIPS_INTERPRETATION_CMC.
There are also a set of minor colourspaces which are one of the above in a slightly different format: VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LABQ, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LABS, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LCH, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB16, and VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16.
Use vips_colourspace()
to move an image to a
target colourspace using the best sequence of colour transform operations.
Secondly, there are a set of operations for calculating colour difference metrics. Finally, VIPS wraps LittleCMS and uses it to provide a set of operations for reading and writing images with ICC profiles.
This figure shows how the VIPS colour spaces interconvert:
The colour spaces supported by VIPS are:
-
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB -- CIELAB '76 colourspace with a D65 white. This uses three floats for each band, and bands have the obvious range.
There are two variants, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LABQ and VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LABS, which use ints to store values. These are less precise, but can be quicker to store and process.
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LCH is the same, but with a*b* as polar coordinates. Hue is expressed in degrees.
-
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_XYZ -- CIE XYZ. This uses three floats. See VIPS_D75_X0 and friends for values for the ranges under various illuminants.
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_YXY is the same, but with little x and y.
-
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_scRGB -- a linear colourspace with the sRGB primaries. This is useful if you need linear light and don't care much what the primaries are.
Linearization is performed with the usual sRGB equations, see below.
-
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB -- the standard sRGB colourspace, see: wikipedia sRGB.
This uses three 8-bit values for each of RGB.
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB16 is the same, but using three 16-bit values for RGB.
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_HSV is sRGB, but in polar coordinates. VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LCH is much better, only use HSV if you have to.
-
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_B_W -- a monochrome image, roughly G from sRGB. The grey value is calculated in VIPS_INTERPRETATION_scRGB space with the usual 0.2, 0.7, 0.1 RGB ratios.
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_GREY16 is the same, but using 16-bits.
-
VIPS_INTERPRETATION_CMC -- a colour space based on the CMC(1:1) colour difference measurement. This is a highly uniform colour space, much better than CIELAB for expressing small differences.
The CMC colourspace is described in "Uniform Colour Space Based on the CMC(l:c) Colour-difference Formula", M R Luo and B Rigg, Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists, vol 102, 1986. Distances in this colourspace approximate, within 10% or so, differences in the CMC(l:c) colour difference formula.
You can calculate metrics like CMC(2:1) by scaling the spaces before finding differences.
Functions
vips_colourspace_issupported ()
gboolean
vips_colourspace_issupported (const VipsImage *image
);
Test if image
is in a colourspace that vips_colourspace()
can process. For
example, VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB images are not in a well-defined
colourspace, but VIPS_INTERPRETATION_sRGB ones are.
vips_colourspace ()
int vips_colourspace (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,VipsInterpretation space
,...
);
Optional arguments:
source_space
: input colour space
This operation looks at the interpretation field of in
(or uses
source_space
, if set) and runs
a set of colourspace conversion functions to move it to space
.
For example, given an image tagged as VIPS_INTERPRETATION_YXY, running
vips_colourspace()
with space
set to VIPS_INTERPRETATION_LAB will
convert with vips_Yxy2XYZ()
and vips_XYZ2Lab()
.
See also: vips_colourspace_issupported()
,
vips_image_guess_interpretation()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
space |
convert to this colour space |
|
... |
|
vips_LabQ2sRGB ()
int vips_LabQ2sRGB (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Unpack a LabQ (VIPS_CODING_LABQ) image to a three-band short image.
See also: vips_LabS2LabQ()
, vips_LabQ2sRGB()
, vips_rad2float()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_rad2float ()
int vips_rad2float (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Unpack a RAD (VIPS_CODING_RAD) image to a three-band float image.
See also: vips_float2rad()
, vips_LabQ2LabS()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_float2rad ()
int vips_float2rad (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Convert a three-band float image to Radiance 32-bit packed format.
See also: vips_rad2float()
, VIPS_CODING_RAD, vips_LabQ2Lab()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_LabS2LabQ ()
int vips_LabS2LabQ (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Convert a LabS three-band signed short image to LabQ
See also: vips_LabQ2LabS()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_LabQ2LabS ()
int vips_LabQ2LabS (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Unpack a LabQ (VIPS_CODING_LABQ) image to a three-band short image.
See also: vips_LabS2LabQ()
, vips_LabQ2LabS()
, vips_rad2float()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_LabQ2Lab ()
int vips_LabQ2Lab (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Unpack a LabQ (VIPS_CODING_LABQ) image to a three-band float image.
See also: vips_LabQ2Lab()
, vips_LabQ2LabS()
, vips_rad2float()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_Lab2LabQ ()
int vips_Lab2LabQ (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Convert a Lab three-band float image to LabQ (VIPS_CODING_LABQ).
See also: vips_LabQ2Lab()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_LCh2Lab ()
int vips_LCh2Lab (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Turn LCh to Lab.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_Lab2LCh ()
int vips_Lab2LCh (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Turn Lab to LCh.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_Lab2XYZ ()
int vips_Lab2XYZ (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Optional arguments:
temp
: VipsArrayDouble, colour temperature
Turn Lab to XYZ. The colour temperature defaults to D65, but can be
specified with temp
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_XYZ2Lab ()
int vips_XYZ2Lab (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Optional arguments:
temp
: VipsArrayDouble, colour temperature
Turn XYZ to Lab, optionally specifying the colour temperature. temp
defaults to D65.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_XYZ2scRGB ()
int vips_XYZ2scRGB (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Turn XYZ to scRGB.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_scRGB2sRGB ()
int vips_scRGB2sRGB (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Optional arguments:
depth
: depth of output image in bits
Convert an scRGB image to sRGB. Set depth
to 16 to get 16-bit output.
If depth
is 16, any extra channels after RGB are
multiplied by 256.
See also: vips_LabS2LabQ()
, vips_sRGB2scRGB()
, vips_rad2float()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_scRGB2BW ()
int vips_scRGB2BW (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Optional arguments:
depth
: depth of output image in bits
Convert an scRGB image to greyscale. Set depth
to 16 to get 16-bit output.
If depth
is 16, any extra channels after RGB are
multiplied by 256.
See also: vips_LabS2LabQ()
, vips_sRGB2scRGB()
, vips_rad2float()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_sRGB2scRGB ()
int vips_sRGB2scRGB (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Convert an sRGB image to scRGB. The input image can be 8 or 16-bit.
If the input image is tagged as VIPS_INTERPRETATION_RGB16, any extra channels after RGB are divided by 256. Thus, scRGB alpha is always 0 - 255.99.
See also: vips_scRGB2XYZ()
, vips_scRGB2sRGB()
, vips_rad2float()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_scRGB2XYZ ()
int vips_scRGB2XYZ (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Turn XYZ to scRGB.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_HSV2sRGB ()
int vips_HSV2sRGB (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Convert HSV to sRGB.
HSV is a crude polar coordinate system for RGB images. It is provided for
compatibility with other image processing systems. See vips_Lab2LCh()
for a
much better colour space.
See also: vips_sRGB2HSV()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_sRGB2HSV ()
int vips_sRGB2HSV (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Convert to HSV.
HSV is a crude polar coordinate system for RGB images. It is provided for
compatibility with other image processing systems. See vips_Lab2LCh()
for a
much better colour space.
See also: vips_HSV2sRGB()
, vips_Lab2LCh()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_LCh2CMC ()
int vips_LCh2CMC (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Turn LCh to CMC.
The CMC colourspace is described in "Uniform Colour Space Based on the CMC(l:c) Colour-difference Formula", M R Luo and B Rigg, Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists, vol 102, 1986. Distances in this colourspace approximate, within 10% or so, differences in the CMC(l:c) colour difference formula.
This operation generates CMC(1:1). For CMC(2:1), halve Lucs and double Cucs.
See also: vips_CMC2LCh()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_CMC2LCh ()
int vips_CMC2LCh (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Turn LCh to CMC.
See also: vips_LCh2CMC()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_XYZ2Yxy ()
int vips_XYZ2Yxy (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Turn XYZ to Yxy.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_Yxy2XYZ ()
int vips_Yxy2XYZ (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Turn XYZ to Yxy.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_LabS2Lab ()
int vips_LabS2Lab (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Convert a LabS three-band signed short image to a three-band float image.
See also: vips_LabS2Lab()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_Lab2LabS ()
int vips_Lab2LabS (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Turn Lab to LabS, signed 16-bit int fixed point.
See also: vips_LabQ2Lab()
.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_icc_present ()
int
vips_icc_present (void
);
VIPS can optionally be built without the ICC library. Use this function to test for its availability.
vips_icc_transform ()
int vips_icc_transform (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,const char *output_profile
,...
);
Optional arguments:
input_profile
: get the input profile from hereintent
: transform with this intentdepth
: depth of output image in bitsembedded
: use profile embedded in input image
Transform an image with a pair of ICC profiles. The input image is moved to profile-connection space with the input profile and then to the output space with the output profile.
If embedded
is set, the input profile is taken from the input image
metadata, if present. If there is no embedded profile,
input_profile
is used as a fall-back.
You can test for the
presence of an embedded profile with
vips_image_get_typeof()
with VIPS_META_ICC_NAME as an argument. This will
return GType
0 if there is no profile.
If embedded
is not set, the input profile is taken from
input_profile
. If input_profile
is not supplied, the
metadata profile, if any, is used as a fall-back.
The output image has the output profile attached to the VIPS_META_ICC_NAME field.
Use vips_icc_import()
and vips_icc_export()
to do either the first or
second half of this operation in isolation.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
output_profile |
get the output profile from here |
|
... |
|
vips_icc_import ()
int vips_icc_import (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Optional arguments:
input_profile
: get the input profile from hereintent
: transform with this intentembedded
: use profile embedded in input imagepcs
: use XYZ or LAB PCS
Import an image from device space to D65 LAB with an ICC profile. If pcs
is
set to VIPS_PCS_XYZ, use CIE XYZ PCS instead.
If embedded
is set, the input profile is taken from the input image
metadata. If there is no embedded profile,
input_profile_filename
is used as a fall-back.
You can test for the
presence of an embedded profile with
vips_image_get_typeof()
with VIPS_META_ICC_NAME as an argument. This will
return GType
0 if there is no profile.
If embedded
is not set, the input profile is taken from
input_profile
. If input_profile
is not supplied, the
metadata profile, if any, is used as a fall-back.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_icc_export ()
int vips_icc_export (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Optional arguments:
intent
: transform with this intentdepth
: depth of output image in bitsoutput_profile
: get the output profile from herepcs
: use XYZ or LAB PCS
Export an image from D65 LAB to device space with an ICC profile.
If pcs
is
set to VIPS_PCS_XYZ, use CIE XYZ PCS instead.
If output_profile
is not set, use the embedded profile, if any.
If output_profile
is set, export with that and attach it to the output
image.
[method]
Parameters
in |
input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_icc_ac2rc ()
int vips_icc_ac2rc (VipsImage *in
,VipsImage **out
,const char *profile_filename
);
Transform an image from absolute to relative colorimetry using the MediaWhitePoint stored in the ICC profile.
See also: vips_icc_transform()
, vips_icc_import()
.
[method]
vips_dE76 ()
int vips_dE76 (VipsImage *left
,VipsImage *right
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Calculate dE 76.
Parameters
left |
first input image |
|
right |
second input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_dE00 ()
int vips_dE00 (VipsImage *left
,VipsImage *right
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Calculate dE 00.
Parameters
left |
first input image |
|
right |
second input image |
|
out |
output image |
|
... |
|
vips_dECMC ()
int vips_dECMC (VipsImage *left
,VipsImage *right
,VipsImage **out
,...
);
Calculate dE CMC. The input images are transformed to CMC colour space and the euclidean distance between corresponding pixels calculated.
To calculate a colour difference with values for (l:c) other than (1:1), transform the two source images to CMC yourself, scale the channels appropriately, and call this function.
See also: vips_colourspace()
Parameters
left |
first input image |
|
right |
second input image |
|
out |
output image. |
[out] |
... |
|
vips_col_Lab2XYZ ()
void vips_col_Lab2XYZ (float L
,float a
,float b
,float *X
,float *Y
,float *Z
);
Calculate XYZ from Lab, D65.
See also: vips_Lab2XYZ()
.
vips_col_XYZ2Lab ()
void vips_col_XYZ2Lab (float X
,float Y
,float Z
,float *L
,float *a
,float *b
);
Calculate XYZ from Lab, D65.
See also: vips_XYZ2Lab()
.
vips_col_Ch2ab ()
void vips_col_Ch2ab (float C
,float h
,float *a
,float *b
);
Calculate ab from Ch, h in degrees.
vips_col_Lcmc2L ()
float
vips_col_Lcmc2L (float Lcmc
);
Calculate L from Lcmc using a table. Call vips_col_make_tables_CMC()
at
least once before using this function.
vips_col_Ccmc2C ()
float
vips_col_Ccmc2C (float Ccmc
);
Calculate C from Ccmc using a table.
Call vips_col_make_tables_CMC()
at
least once before using this function.
vips_col_Chcmc2h ()
float vips_col_Chcmc2h (float C
,float hcmc
);
Calculate h from C and hcmc, using a table.
Call vips_col_make_tables_CMC()
at
least once before using this function.
vips_col_sRGB2scRGB_8 ()
int vips_col_sRGB2scRGB_8 (int r
,int g
,int b
,float *R
,float *G
,float *B
);
vips_col_sRGB2scRGB_16 ()
int vips_col_sRGB2scRGB_16 (int r
,int g
,int b
,float *R
,float *G
,float *B
);
vips_col_sRGB2scRGB_8_noclip ()
int vips_col_sRGB2scRGB_8_noclip (int r
,int g
,int b
,float *R
,float *G
,float *B
);
vips_col_sRGB2scRGB_16_noclip ()
int vips_col_sRGB2scRGB_16_noclip (int r
,int g
,int b
,float *R
,float *G
,float *B
);
vips_col_scRGB2XYZ ()
int vips_col_scRGB2XYZ (float R
,float G
,float B
,float *X
,float *Y
,float *Z
);
vips_col_XYZ2scRGB ()
int vips_col_XYZ2scRGB (float X
,float Y
,float Z
,float *R
,float *G
,float *B
);
vips_col_scRGB2sRGB_8 ()
int vips_col_scRGB2sRGB_8 (float R
,float G
,float B
,int *r
,int *g
,int *b
,int *og
);
vips_col_scRGB2sRGB_16 ()
int vips_col_scRGB2sRGB_16 (float R
,float G
,float B
,int *r
,int *g
,int *b
,int *og
);
vips_pythagoras ()
float vips_pythagoras (float L1
,float a1
,float b1
,float L2
,float a2
,float b2
);
Pythagorean distance between two points in colour space. Lab/XYZ/CMC etc.
vips_col_dE00 ()
float vips_col_dE00 (float L1
,float a1
,float b1
,float L2
,float a2
,float b2
);
CIEDE2000, from:
Luo, Cui, Rigg, "The Development of the CIE 2000 Colour-Difference Formula: CIEDE2000", COLOR research and application, pp 340
Types and Values
VIPS_A_X0
#define VIPS_A_X0 (109.8503)
Areas under curves for illuminant A (2856K), 2 degree observer.
VIPS_B_X0
#define VIPS_B_X0 (99.0720)
Areas under curves for illuminant B (4874K), 2 degree observer.
VIPS_C_X0
#define VIPS_C_X0 (98.0700)
Areas under curves for illuminant C (6774K), 2 degree observer.
VIPS_D3250_X0
#define VIPS_D3250_X0 (105.6590)
Areas under curves for black body at 3250K, 2 degree observer.
enum VipsIntent
The rendering intent. VIPS_INTENT_ABSOLUTE is best for scientific work, VIPS_INTENT_RELATIVE is usually best for accurate communication with other imaging libraries.
enum VipsPCS
Pick a Profile Connection Space for vips_icc_import()
and
vips_icc_export()
. LAB is usually best, XYZ can be more convenient in some
cases.